Managing Genesys Cloud Interaction Media Attachments with Java

What You Will Build

• This tutorial builds a Java microservice that retrieves interaction attachment metadata, generates presigned download URLs, validates files against policy constraints, stores them in encrypted object storage, indexes metadata for search, handles expiration cleanup, updates interaction context, and exposes a REST API.
• It uses the Genesys Cloud CX Interactions API and the com.mypurecloud.api.client Java SDK.
• The implementation covers Java 17+, Spring Boot 3.x, and AWS S3 SDK v2.

Prerequisites

• OAuth client type: Service Account or Client Credentials Grant
• Required scopes: interaction:attachment:read, interaction:attachment:write, interaction:read, interaction:write
• SDK version: com.mypurecloud.api.client:platform-client:2.50.0 or later
• Language/runtime: Java 17+, Maven 3.8+, Spring Boot 3.1+
• External dependencies: aws-sdk-bom (S3), jackson-databind, spring-boot-starter-web, spring-retry

Authentication Setup

Genesys Cloud CX uses OAuth 2.0 for API authentication. The Java SDK handles token caching and automatic refresh when you configure the ApiClient correctly. You must provision a Service Account in the Genesys Cloud admin console and assign the required interaction scopes.

import com.mypurecloud.api.client.ApiClient;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.auth.OAuthApi;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.auth.OAuthClientCredentialsRequest;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.auth.OAuthClientCredentialsResponse;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.auth.OAuthCredentials;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.auth.OAuthRefreshRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;

public class GenesysAuthSetup {
    private static final String CLIENT_ID = System.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_ID");
    private static final String CLIENT_SECRET = System.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET");
    private static final String ENVIRONMENT = System.getenv("GENESYS_ENVIRONMENT"); // e.g., "mypurecloud.com"

    public static ApiClient initializeGenesysClient() throws IOException, com.mypurecloud.api.client.ApiException {
        ApiClient client = ApiClient.init(CLIENT_ID, CLIENT_SECRET, ENVIRONMENT);
        
        // The SDK automatically caches tokens in memory and refreshes them before expiration.
        // Explicitly trigger initial authentication to verify scopes.
        OAuthApi oAuthApi = new OAuthApi(client);
        OAuthClientCredentialsRequest request = new OAuthClientCredentialsRequest();
        request.setGrantType("client_credentials");
        request.setScope("interaction:attachment:read interaction:attachment:write interaction:read interaction:write");
        
        OAuthClientCredentialsResponse response = oAuthApi.postOAuthToken(request);
        System.out.println("Authenticated. Access token expires at: " + response.getExpiresIn());
        
        return client;
    }
}

Implementation

Step 1: Retrieve Attachment Metadata and Validate Policy Constraints

The Interactions API returns attachment metadata without the actual file payload. You must iterate through the response, validate file types and sizes against your organization policy, and handle pagination when an interaction contains more than 100 attachments.

Required Scope: interaction:attachment:read
Endpoint: GET /api/v2/interactions/{id}/attachments

import com.mypurecloud.api.client.api.InteractionsApi;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.model.Attachment;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.model.AttachmentSearchResponse;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.ApiException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

public class AttachmentValidator {
    private static final Set<String> ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES = Set.of("image/png", "image/jpeg", "application/pdf");
    private static final long MAX_SIZE_BYTES = 10 * 1024 * 1024; // 10 MB

    public List<Attachment> fetchAndValidateAttachments(InteractionsApi interactionsApi, String interactionId) throws ApiException {
        List<Attachment> validAttachments = new ArrayList<>();
        String nextPageToken = null;
        
        do {
            // SDK pagination: pageToken and pageSize parameters
            AttachmentSearchResponse response = interactionsApi.getInteractionAttachments(
                interactionId, nextPageToken, 100, null, null, null, null, null
            );
            
            if (response.getEntities() != null) {
                for (Attachment attachment : response.getEntities()) {
                    if (isValidPolicy(attachment)) {
                        validAttachments.add(attachment);
                    } else {
                        System.out.println("Skipped attachment " + attachment.getId() + 
                            " due to policy violation. Type: " + attachment.getMimeType() + 
                            ", Size: " + attachment.getSize());
                    }
                }
            }
            nextPageToken = response.getNextPageToken();
        } while (nextPageToken != null);
        
        return validAttachments;
    }

    private boolean isValidPolicy(Attachment attachment) {
        if (attachment.getMimeType() == null || !ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES.contains(attachment.getMimeType())) {
            return false;
        }
        if (attachment.getSize() != null && attachment.getSize() > MAX_SIZE_BYTES) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
}

Step 2: Generate Presigned URLs and Download to Encrypted Object Storage

Genesys Cloud does not serve files directly through the metadata endpoint. You must request a presigned URL, which returns a time-limited HTTPS link to the underlying storage. You download the file using that URL and upload it to your object storage with server-side encryption.

Required Scope: interaction:attachment:read
Endpoint: POST /api/v2/interactions/{id}/attachments/{attachmentId}/presignedurl
HTTP Request Example:

POST /api/v2/interactions/abc123/attachments/def456/presignedurl HTTP/1.1
Host: api.mypurecloud.com
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer <token>

{}

HTTP Response Example:

{
  "url": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/genesys-attachments/abc123/def456?X-Amz-Algorithm=...",
  "expiresAt": "2024-01-15T12:00:00Z"
}

import com.mypurecloud.api.client.model.PresignedUrlRequest;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.model.PresignedUrlResponse;
import software.amazon.awssdk.core.sync.RequestBody;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.s3.S3Client;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.s3.model.PutObjectRequest;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.s3.model.ServerSideEncryption;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.http.HttpClient;
import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
import java.net.http.HttpResponse;

public class AttachmentDownloader {
    private final S3Client s3Client;
    private final String s3Bucket;

    public AttachmentDownloader(S3Client s3Client, String s3Bucket) {
        this.s3Client = s3Client;
        this.s3Bucket = s3Bucket;
    }

    public void downloadAndStore(InteractionsApi interactionsApi, String interactionId, String attachmentId) 
            throws ApiException, IOException, InterruptedException {
        
        // Request presigned URL
        PresignedUrlRequest presignRequest = new PresignedUrlRequest();
        presignRequest.setMethod("GET");
        presignRequest.setExpiresInSeconds(300); // 5 minutes
        
        PresignedUrlResponse presignResponse = interactionsApi.createInteractionAttachmentPresignedUrl(
            interactionId, attachmentId, presignRequest
        );
        
        String downloadUrl = presignResponse.getUrl();
        
        // Download file content
        HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
            .followRedirects(HttpClient.Redirect.NORMAL)
            .build();
            
        HttpRequest downloadRequest = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
            .uri(URI.create(downloadUrl))
            .GET()
            .build();
            
        HttpResponse<byte[]> response = httpClient.send(downloadRequest, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofByteArray());
        
        if (response.statusCode() != 200) {
            throw new IOException("Presigned URL download failed with status: " + response.statusCode());
        }
        
        // Upload to S3 with encryption
        PutObjectRequest putRequest = PutObjectRequest.builder()
            .bucket(s3Bucket)
            .key("interactions/" + interactionId + "/" + attachmentId)
            .serverSideEncryption(ServerSideEncryption.AES256)
            .build();
            
        s3Client.putObject(putRequest, RequestBody.fromBytes(response.body()));
        System.out.println("Successfully stored attachment " + attachmentId + " with SSE-S3 encryption.");
    }
}

Step 3: Index Attachment Content and Handle Expiration Cleanup

Attachments in Genesys Cloud contain an expiresAt timestamp. You must check this field before processing. If the attachment has expired, you skip processing and trigger a cleanup routine. For searchability, extract key metadata and write it to an index file or database. This example demonstrates a JSON index writer that maps attachment identifiers to searchable attributes.

import com.mypurecloud.api.client.model.Attachment;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

public class AttachmentIndexer {
    private final ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    private final Path indexFile = Path.of("attachment_index.json");
    private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, Map<String, Object>> indexStore = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

    public void indexAttachment(Attachment attachment) throws IOException {
        // Check expiration
        if (attachment.getExpiresAt() != null && Instant.now().isAfter(attachment.getExpiresAt())) {
            System.out.println("Attachment " + attachment.getId() + " has expired. Skipping index and triggering cleanup.");
            cleanupExpiredAttachment(attachment);
            return;
        }

        // Build indexable document
        Map<String, Object> document = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        document.put("attachmentId", attachment.getId());
        document.put("interactionId", attachment.getInteractionId());
        document.put("fileName", attachment.getFileName());
        document.put("mimeType", attachment.getMimeType());
        document.put("sizeBytes", attachment.getSize());
        document.put("createdAt", attachment.getCreatedAt());
        document.put("expiresAt", attachment.getExpiresAt());
        document.put("status", "indexed");

        indexStore.put(attachment.getId(), document);
        persistIndex();
    }

    private void persistIndex() throws IOException {
        Files.writeString(indexFile, mapper.writerWithDefaultPrettyPrinter().writeValueAsString(indexStore));
    }

    private void cleanupExpiredAttachment(Attachment attachment) {
        // In production, integrate with your object storage deletion API here.
        // Example: s3Client.deleteObject(b, "interactions/" + attachment.getInteractionId() + "/" + attachment.getId());
        System.out.println("Cleanup triggered for expired attachment: " + attachment.getId());
    }
}

Step 4: Update Interaction Context with Attachment References

After successful storage and indexing, you must update the Genesys Cloud interaction record to reflect that the attachment has been processed. This prevents duplicate downloads and provides auditability. You use the PATCH operation on the interaction resource.

Required Scope: interaction:write
Endpoint: PATCH /api/v2/interactions/{id}

import com.mypurecloud.api.client.model.Interaction;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.model.Note;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class InteractionContextUpdater {
    public void updateInteractionWithAttachmentRef(InteractionsApi interactionsApi, String interactionId, String attachmentId, String storageKey) 
            throws com.mypurecloud.api.client.ApiException {
        
        Interaction interaction = new Interaction();
        interaction.setId(interactionId);
        
        // Add a note to track the processed attachment
        List<Note> notes = new ArrayList<>();
        Note processingNote = new Note();
        processingNote.setText("Attachment " + attachmentId + " processed and stored at: " + storageKey);
        notes.add(processingNote);
        interaction.setNotes(notes);
        
        // PATCH only modifies provided fields
        interactionsApi.updateInteraction(interactionId, interaction);
        System.out.println("Interaction " + interactionId + " updated with attachment reference.");
    }
}

Step 5: Expose Attachment Management API for Client Applications

Wrap the service logic in a Spring Boot REST controller. This exposes a clean endpoint for downstream applications to trigger the attachment pipeline. Include retry logic for 429 rate limits, which is common when polling multiple interactions.

import com.mypurecloud.api.client.ApiClient;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.api.InteractionsApi;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.model.Attachment;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/v1/attachments")
public class AttachmentController {
    private final ApiClient apiClient;
    private final InteractionsApi interactionsApi;
    private final AttachmentValidator validator;
    private final AttachmentDownloader downloader;
    private final AttachmentIndexer indexer;
    private final InteractionContextUpdater updater;

    public AttachmentController(ApiClient apiClient) {
        this.apiClient = apiClient;
        this.interactionsApi = new InteractionsApi(apiClient);
        this.validator = new AttachmentValidator();
        // Assume S3 client and bucket are injected via Spring configuration
        this.downloader = new AttachmentDownloader(/* s3Client */, "my-attachments-bucket");
        this.indexer = new AttachmentIndexer();
        this.updater = new InteractionContextUpdater();
    }

    @PostMapping("/process/{interactionId}")
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> processInteractionAttachments(@PathVariable String interactionId) {
        try {
            List<Attachment> validAttachments = validator.fetchAndValidateAttachments(interactionsApi, interactionId);
            
            int processed = 0;
            for (Attachment att : validAttachments) {
                // Implement 429 retry logic before SDK call
                executeWithRetry(() -> {
                    downloader.downloadAndStore(interactionsApi, interactionId, att.getId());
                    indexer.indexAttachment(att);
                    updater.updateInteractionWithAttachmentRef(interactionsApi, interactionId, att.getId(), 
                        "interactions/" + interactionId + "/" + att.getId());
                });
                processed++;
            }
            
            return ResponseEntity.ok(Map.of(
                "interactionId", interactionId,
                "processedCount", processed,
                "status", "completed"
            ));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return ResponseEntity.status(500).body(Map.of("error", e.getMessage()));
        }
    }

    private void executeWithRetry(Runnable task) throws Exception {
        int maxRetries = 3;
        long delayMs = 1000;
        for (int i = 0; i < maxRetries; i++) {
            try {
                task.run();
                return;
            } catch (com.mypurecloud.api.client.ApiException ex) {
                if (ex.getCode() == 429 && i < maxRetries - 1) {
                    Thread.sleep(delayMs * (long) Math.pow(2, i));
                } else {
                    throw ex;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Complete Working Example

The following Maven pom.xml and application entry point provide a runnable foundation. Replace environment variables with your Service Account credentials and S3 configuration.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.0</version>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>genesys-attachment-manager</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mypurecloud.api.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>platform-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.50.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>software.amazon.awssdk</groupId>
            <artifactId>s3</artifactId>
            <version>2.21.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.s3.S3Client;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public S3Client s3Client() {
        return S3Client.builder()
            .region(Region.US_EAST_1)
            .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public com.mypurecloud.api.client.ApiClient genesysApiClient() throws Exception {
        return GenesysAuthSetup.initializeGenesysClient();
    }
}

Common Errors & Debugging

Error: 401 Unauthorized

• Cause: The OAuth token has expired, or the Service Account credentials are invalid.
• Fix: Verify GENESYS_CLIENT_ID and GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET environment variables. Ensure the SDK ApiClient is initialized before any API calls. The SDK caches tokens automatically, but if you run the process longer than 1 hour, confirm the refresh endpoint is reachable.
• Code Fix: Wrap API calls in a try-catch that checks ex.getCode() == 401 and forces a token refresh via ApiClient.refreshToken().

Error: 403 Forbidden

• Cause: Missing OAuth scopes. The Service Account lacks interaction:attachment:read or interaction:attachment:write.
• Fix: Navigate to the Genesys Cloud admin console, locate the Service Account, and add the required interaction scopes. Restart the application to force a new token request with the updated scope list.

Error: 429 Too Many Requests

• Cause: Exceeding Genesys Cloud rate limits, especially when polling multiple interactions or requesting presigned URLs in rapid succession.
• Fix: Implement exponential backoff. The executeWithRetry method in the controller demonstrates this pattern. Never retry immediately. Wait at least 1 second and double the delay on subsequent attempts.
• Code Fix: Use the retry utility provided in Step 5. Monitor the Retry-After header in the response if present.

Error: 404 Not Found

• Cause: Invalid interaction ID or attachment ID. The attachment may have been purged by Genesys Cloud retention policies.
• Fix: Validate IDs before calling the API. Check the expiresAt field in the metadata response. If the timestamp is in the past, the attachment is no longer accessible and you must skip it.

Official References

• Genesys Cloud Interactions API Documentation
• Genesys Cloud Java SDK Reference
• AWS SDK for Java S3 Client Guide
• OAuth 2.0 Client Credentials Flow