List and Audit OAuth Client Scopes in Genesys Cloud

What You Will Build

• You will retrieve a complete inventory of all OAuth clients within a Genesys Cloud organization and extract their specific scope assignments.
• This tutorial uses the Genesys Cloud v2 API endpoint /api/v2/oauth/clients and the Python SDK PureCloudPlatformClientV2.
• The implementation is written in Python 3.9+ using the requests library for raw API calls and the official SDK for structured data handling.

Prerequisites

• OAuth Client Type: A service account with the admin:oauth_client:read scope. This scope is mandatory for listing clients and viewing their configurations.
• SDK Version: genesys-cloud Python SDK version 160.0.0 or later.
• Runtime: Python 3.9 or higher.
• Dependencies:
  • genesys-cloud (official SDK)
  • requests (for raw HTTP examples)
  • python-dotenv (for secure credential management)

Install dependencies via pip:

pip install genesys-cloud requests python-dotenv

Authentication Setup

Genesys Cloud uses OAuth 2.0 for authentication. For programmatic access to administrative data like OAuth clients, you must use a Service Account with a Client ID and Client Secret. The recommended flow is the Client Credentials Grant.

Create a .env file in your project root with the following variables:

GENESYS_CLIENT_ID=your_client_id_here
GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET=your_client_secret_here

The following Python code demonstrates how to initialize the SDK with these credentials. The SDK handles token caching and automatic refresh, so you do not need to manage token expiration manually.

import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from purecloud_platform_client_v2 import (
    PlatformClientConfiguration,
    PureCloudPlatformClientV2
)

# Load environment variables
load_dotenv()

def get_platform_client() -> PureCloudPlatformClientV2:
    """
    Initializes and returns a configured PureCloudPlatformClientV2 instance.
    """
    client_id = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_ID")
    client_secret = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET")

    if not client_id or not client_secret:
        raise EnvironmentError("GENESYS_CLIENT_ID and GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET must be set.")

    # Configure the platform client
    config = PlatformClientConfiguration(
        client_id=client_id,
        client_secret=client_secret
    )

    # Initialize the client
    client = PureCloudPlatformClientV2(config)
    return client

# Instantiate the client
platform_client = get_platform_client()

Implementation

Step 1: Retrieve All OAuth Clients

The first step is to fetch the list of OAuth clients. The endpoint GET /api/v2/oauth/clients supports pagination. By default, it returns 20 items. To ensure you retrieve all clients, you must implement pagination logic that iterates through nextPageUri until it is null.

While the SDK provides helper methods, using the raw HTTP interface via platform_client.rest_client gives you precise control over the request headers and response parsing, which is useful for debugging scope-related issues.

import json
from typing import List, Dict, Any

def fetch_all_oauth_clients(client: PureCloudPlatformClientV2) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    """
    Fetches all OAuth clients from Genesys Cloud with pagination.
    
    Args:
        client: The initialized PureCloudPlatformClientV2 instance.
        
    Returns:
        A list of dictionaries, each representing an OAuth client.
    """
    all_clients = []
    next_page_uri = "/api/v2/oauth/clients"
    
    while next_page_uri:
        try:
            # Perform the GET request
            response = client.rest_client.get(
                next_page_uri,
                headers={} # SDK injects auth headers automatically
            )
            
            # Check for successful response
            if response.status_code != 200:
                print(f"Error fetching clients: {response.status_code} - {response.text}")
                break
            
            data = response.json()
            
            # Extract the entities (clients) from the response
            entities = data.get("entities", [])
            all_clients.extend(entities)
            
            # Update the next page URI for the next iteration
            next_page_uri = data.get("nextPageUri")
            
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"An error occurred during pagination: {e}")
            break
            
    return all_clients

# Execute the fetch
oauth_clients = fetch_all_oauth_clients(platform_client)
print(f"Retrieved {len(oauth_clients)} OAuth clients.")

Expected Response Structure:
The entities array contains objects with fields like id, name, type, and scopes. The scopes field is a list of strings representing the assigned OAuth scopes.

Step 2: Parse and Validate Scope Assignments

Once you have the list of clients, you need to extract and validate the scopes. A common administrative task is to identify clients with overly broad permissions, such as admin:*:read or admin:*:write.

This step involves iterating through each client, extracting its scopes, and categorizing them based on risk level or usage type. You will also handle cases where a client might not have explicit scopes defined (though this is rare for active service accounts).

def analyze_client_scopes(clients: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> Dict[str, List[Dict[str, Any]]]:
    """
    Analyzes OAuth clients and categorizes them by their scope assignments.
    
    Args:
        clients: List of OAuth client dictionaries.
        
    Returns:
        A dictionary with keys 'broad_access', 'standard_access', and 'no_scopes',
        each containing a list of relevant clients.
    """
    categorized_clients = {
        "broad_access": [],
        "standard_access": [],
        "no_scopes": []
    }
    
    # Define high-risk scopes
    high_risk_scopes = [
        "admin:*:read",
        "admin:*:write",
        "admin:organization:read",
        "admin:organization:write"
    ]
    
    for client in clients:
        client_id = client.get("id")
        client_name = client.get("name")
        client_type = client.get("type")
        scopes = client.get("scopes", [])
        
        # Handle clients with no scopes
        if not scopes:
            categorized_clients["no_scopes"].append({
                "id": client_id,
                "name": client_name,
                "type": client_type,
                "scopes": []
            })
            continue
        
        # Check for broad access
        has_broad_access = any(scope in high_risk_scopes for scope in scopes)
        
        client_summary = {
            "id": client_id,
            "name": client_name,
            "type": client_type,
            "scopes": scopes
        }
        
        if has_broad_access:
            categorized_clients["broad_access"].append(client_summary)
        else:
            categorized_clients["standard_access"].append(client_summary)
            
    return categorized_clients

# Analyze the fetched clients
categorized = analyze_client_scopes(oauth_clients)

# Output results
print(f"Broad Access Clients: {len(categorized['broad_access'])}")
for client in categorized['broad_access']:
    print(f"  - {client['name']} ({client['id']}): {', '.join(client['scopes'])}")

print(f"Standard Access Clients: {len(categorized['standard_access'])}")
print(f"Clients with No Scopes: {len(categorized['no_scopes'])}")

Step 3: Export Results for Audit

For compliance and audit purposes, it is often necessary to export this data to a structured format like JSON or CSV. This step demonstrates how to serialize the analyzed data into a JSON file that can be reviewed by security teams or processed by other automation tools.

import datetime

def export_audit_report(categorized_clients: Dict[str, List[Dict[str, Any]]], filename: str = None) -> str:
    """
    Exports the categorized OAuth client data to a JSON file.
    
    Args:
        categorized_clients: The dictionary output from analyze_client_scopes.
        filename: Optional filename for the export. Defaults to a timestamp-based name.
        
    Returns:
        The path to the exported file.
    """
    if filename is None:
        timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
        filename = f"oauth_client_audit_{timestamp}.json"
    
    # Prepare the export data
    export_data = {
        "audit_timestamp": datetime.datetime.now().isoformat(),
        "total_clients": sum(len(v) for v in categorized_clients.values()),
        "categories": {
            "broad_access": categorized_clients["broad_access"],
            "standard_access": categorized_clients["standard_access"],
            "no_scopes": categorized_clients["no_scopes"]
        }
    }
    
    # Write to file
    with open(filename, "w") as f:
        json.dump(export_data, f, indent=2)
        
    print(f"Audit report exported to: {filename}")
    return filename

# Export the report
export_audit_report(categorized)

Complete Working Example

The following script combines all steps into a single, runnable module. It includes error handling, logging, and configuration loading.

import os
import json
import datetime
from typing import List, Dict, Any

from dotenv import load_dotenv
from purecloud_platform_client_v2 import (
    PlatformClientConfiguration,
    PureCloudPlatformClientV2
)

# Load environment variables
load_dotenv()

def get_platform_client() -> PureCloudPlatformClientV2:
    """Initializes the Genesys Cloud platform client."""
    client_id = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_ID")
    client_secret = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET")

    if not client_id or not client_secret:
        raise EnvironmentError("GENESYS_CLIENT_ID and GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET must be set.")

    config = PlatformClientConfiguration(
        client_id=client_id,
        client_secret=client_secret
    )
    return PureCloudPlatformClientV2(config)

def fetch_all_oauth_clients(client: PureCloudPlatformClientV2) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    """Fetches all OAuth clients with pagination."""
    all_clients = []
    next_page_uri = "/api/v2/oauth/clients"
    
    while next_page_uri:
        try:
            response = client.rest_client.get(next_page_uri)
            
            if response.status_code != 200:
                print(f"Error: {response.status_code} - {response.text}")
                break
            
            data = response.json()
            all_clients.extend(data.get("entities", []))
            next_page_uri = data.get("nextPageUri")
            
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Exception during fetch: {e}")
            break
            
    return all_clients

def analyze_client_scopes(clients: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> Dict[str, List[Dict[str, Any]]]:
    """Categorizes clients based on their scope assignments."""
    categorized = {
        "broad_access": [],
        "standard_access": [],
        "no_scopes": []
    }
    
    high_risk_scopes = ["admin:*:read", "admin:*:write"]
    
    for client in clients:
        scopes = client.get("scopes", [])
        summary = {
            "id": client.get("id"),
            "name": client.get("name"),
            "type": client.get("type"),
            "scopes": scopes
        }
        
        if not scopes:
            categorized["no_scopes"].append(summary)
        elif any(s in high_risk_scopes for s in scopes):
            categorized["broad_access"].append(summary)
        else:
            categorized["standard_access"].append(summary)
            
    return categorized

def export_report(data: Dict[str, Any], filename: str = "oauth_audit.json") -> None:
    """Exports the audit data to a JSON file."""
    with open(filename, "w") as f:
        json.dump(data, f, indent=2)
    print(f"Report saved to {filename}")

def main():
    try:
        # 1. Initialize Client
        client = get_platform_client()
        print("Authenticated successfully.")
        
        # 2. Fetch Clients
        print("Fetching OAuth clients...")
        clients = fetch_all_oauth_clients(client)
        print(f"Fetched {len(clients)} clients.")
        
        # 3. Analyze Scopes
        print("Analyzing scopes...")
        categorized = analyze_client_scopes(clients)
        
        # 4. Export Report
        report_data = {
            "timestamp": datetime.datetime.now().isoformat(),
            "summary": {
                "broad_access": len(categorized["broad_access"]),
                "standard_access": len(categorized["standard_access"]),
                "no_scopes": len(categorized["no_scopes"])
            },
            "details": categorized
        }
        
        export_report(report_data)
        
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Fatal error: {e}")
        raise

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Common Errors & Debugging

Error: 403 Forbidden

• What causes it: The service account used for authentication does not have the admin:oauth_client:read scope.
• How to fix it: Navigate to the Genesys Cloud Admin console, go to Security > OAuth Clients, select your service account, and add the admin:oauth_client:read scope to its assigned scopes. Save the changes and re-run the script.

Error: 401 Unauthorized

• What causes it: The Client ID or Client Secret is invalid, expired, or the service account is disabled.
• How to fix it: Verify the credentials in your .env file. Ensure the service account status is “Active” in the Admin console. If the secret was recently rotated, update the environment variable.

Error: Pagination Loop Stuck

• What causes it: The nextPageUri returns a non-null value but the API returns an empty entity list or an error code that is not handled.
• How to fix it: Add a counter to limit the maximum number of pages fetched (e.g., 100) to prevent infinite loops in case of API anomalies. Log the nextPageUri value to inspect if it is malformed.

Error: SDK Version Mismatch

• What causes it: The installed genesys-cloud SDK version is too old to support the current API schema for OAuth clients.
• How to fix it: Upgrade the SDK using pip install --upgrade genesys-cloud. Ensure you are using version 160.0.0 or later for full compatibility with recent scope definitions.

Official References

• Genesys Cloud OAuth Client API Documentation
• Genesys Cloud Python SDK Reference
• OAuth 2.0 Scopes Reference