Implementing Conditional Access via Genesys Cloud SCIM 2.0 with Java

How-To-Articles
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Implementing Conditional Access via Genesys Cloud SCIM 2.0 with Java

What You Will Build

  • A Java authorization component that evaluates incoming user attributes against a role-based access control matrix.
  • The component dynamically constructs SCIM 2.0 query filters to restrict Genesys Cloud resource visibility at the API layer.
  • Authorization decisions and generated filters are cached in a thread-safe in-memory map with configurable time-to-live expiration.
  • Language: Java 17+

Prerequisites

  • OAuth 2.0 Client Credentials flow with scim:read scope
  • Genesys Cloud Java SDK version 16.0.0 or later
  • Java Development Kit 17 or later
  • Maven or Gradle for dependency management
  • External dependencies: com.mypurecloud.api.client:client:16.0.0, org.slf4j:slf4j-api:2.0.9, org.slf4j:slf4j-simple:2.0.9

Authentication Setup

The Genesys Cloud SCIM 2.0 API requires a bearer token with the scim:read scope. The Java SDK handles token acquisition, caching, and automatic refresh when configured with client credentials. You must initialize the ApiClient before instantiating any resource API class.

import com.mypurecloud.api.client.ApiClient;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.auth.OAuthClientCredentialsProvider;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class GenesysAuthConfig {
    private static final String BASE_URI = "https://api.mypurecloud.com";
    private static final String CLIENT_ID = System.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_ID");
    private static final String CLIENT_SECRET = System.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET");

    public static ApiClient buildApiClient() {
        OAuthClientCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = new OAuthClientCredentialsProvider(
            CLIENT_ID,
            CLIENT_SECRET,
            BASE_URI,
            Arrays.asList("scim:read")
        );

        return ApiClient.builder()
            .baseUri(BASE_URI)
            .credentials(credentialsProvider)
            .build();
    }
}

The SDK intercepts outgoing requests and attaches the Authorization: Bearer <token> header. If the token expires, the SDK automatically triggers a refresh grant before retrying the failed request. You do not need to implement manual token rotation logic when using the SDK provider.

Implementation

Step 1: Define the RBAC Matrix and Attribute Evaluator

Role-based access control matrices map user attributes to allowed resource scopes. In this implementation, the matrix uses a nested structure where the outer key represents the user role, the inner key represents a user attribute, and the value contains allowed attribute values. The evaluator checks if the incoming user context matches the matrix before proceeding to filter generation.

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class RbacEvaluator {
    private final Map<String, Map<String, List<String>>> accessMatrix;

    public RbacEvaluator(Map<String, Map<String, List<String>>> accessMatrix) {
        this.accessMatrix = accessMatrix;
    }

    public boolean evaluate(String role, Map<String, String> userAttributes) {
        Map<String, List<String>> roleRules = accessMatrix.get(role);
        if (roleRules == null) {
            return false;
        }

        for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> rule : roleRules.entrySet()) {
            String attributeKey = rule.getKey();
            List<String> allowedValues = rule.getValue();
            String userValue = userAttributes.get(attributeKey);

            if (userValue == null || !allowedValues.contains(userValue)) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    public Map<String, List<String>> getRoleRules(String role) {
        return accessMatrix.getOrDefault(role, Map.of());
    }
}

The matrix enforces strict attribute matching. If a user possesses a role that requires department to be Engineering and location to be US-WEST, the evaluator returns true only when both attributes match exactly. This prevents privilege escalation through partial attribute matches.

Step 2: Build the SCIM 2.0 Filter Generator

Genesys Cloud SCIM 2.0 uses RFC 7644 compliant filter syntax. The generator converts the RBAC matrix rules into a valid SCIM query string. You must use indexed operators (eq, co) to leverage database indexing and avoid full table scans. The generator combines multiple rules using the and operator and wraps compound expressions in parentheses.

public class ScimFilterBuilder {
    public static String generateFilter(Map<String, List<String>> roleRules) {
        if (roleRules.isEmpty()) {
            return "active eq true";
        }

        return roleRules.entrySet().stream()
            .map(entry -> buildAttributeFilter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()))
            .collect(Collectors.joining(" and "));
    }

    private static String buildAttributeFilter(String attribute, List<String> values) {
        if (values.isEmpty()) {
            return attribute + " pr true";
        }
        if (values.size() == 1) {
            return attribute + " eq \"" + escapeScimValue(values.get(0)) + "\"";
        }
        String orClause = values.stream()
            .map(v -> attribute + " eq \"" + escapeScimValue(v) + "\"")
            .collect(Collectors.joining(" or "));
        return "(" + orClause + ")";
    }

    private static String escapeScimValue(String value) {
        return value.replace("\\", "\\\\").replace("\"", "\\\"");
    }
}

The pr true operator checks for attribute existence without value matching. The generator escapes double quotes and backslashes to prevent SCIM injection attacks. Genesys Cloud parses the filter string server-side and applies it before returning results, which reduces network payload size and client-side memory consumption.

Step 3: Implement the TTL Cache for Authorization Decisions

Caching authorization decisions prevents redundant RBAC evaluations and repeated SCIM filter generation. The cache uses a ConcurrentHashMap for thread safety and stores entries with an expiration timestamp. A background scheduler evicts stale entries to prevent memory leaks. The cache key combines the user role and attribute hash to ensure cache isolation between different access contexts.

import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.Map;

public class TtlCache<K, V> {
    private final ConcurrentHashMap<K, CacheEntry<V>> store = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    private final long ttlMillis;
    private final ScheduledExecutorService cleanupExecutor;

    public TtlCache(long ttlSeconds) {
        this.ttlMillis = ttlSeconds * 1000;
        this.cleanupExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor(r -> {
            Thread t = new Thread(r, "ttl-cache-cleanup");
            t.setDaemon(true);
            return t;
        });
        scheduleCleanup();
    }

    public void put(K key, V value) {
        store.put(key, new CacheEntry<>(value, System.currentTimeMillis() + ttlMillis));
    }

    public V get(K key) {
        CacheEntry<V> entry = store.get(key);
        if (entry == null || System.currentTimeMillis() > entry.expiresAt) {
            if (entry != null) {
                store.remove(key, entry);
            }
            return null;
        }
        return entry.value;
    }

    private void scheduleCleanup() {
        cleanupExecutor.scheduleAtFixedRate(() -> {
            long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
            store.entrySet().removeIf(entry -> now > entry.getValue().expiresAt);
        }, ttlMillis, ttlMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    }

    public void shutdown() {
        cleanupExecutor.shutdown();
    }

    private static class CacheEntry<V> {
        final V value;
        final long expiresAt;
        CacheEntry(V value, long expiresAt) {
            this.value = value;
            this.expiresAt = expiresAt;
        }
    }
}

The cache operates independently of the API layer. You configure the TTL based on your organization policy change frequency. A thirty-minute TTL balances security freshness with API call reduction. The cleanup thread runs at the same interval as the TTL to bound memory growth.

Step 4: Integrate with Genesys Cloud SCIM API and Execute Queries

The integration layer wires the evaluator, filter builder, and cache together. It executes the SCIM query using pagination to handle large result sets. The component implements exponential backoff retry logic for 429 Too Many Requests responses and translates 401, 403, and 5xx errors into explicit exceptions.

import com.mypurecloud.api.client.ApiException;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.api.ScimApi;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.model.ScimUserList;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.model.ScimUser;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class ScimConditionalAccessService {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScimConditionalAccessService.class);
    private static final int PAGE_SIZE = 100;
    private static final int MAX_RETRIES = 3;

    private final ScimApi scimApi;
    private final RbacEvaluator rbacEvaluator;
    private final TtlCache<String, String> filterCache;
    private final TtlCache<String, List<ScimUser>> resultCache;

    public ScimConditionalAccessService(ScimApi scimApi, RbacEvaluator rbacEvaluator) {
        this.scimApi = scimApi;
        this.rbacEvaluator = rbacEvaluator;
        this.filterCache = new TtlCache<>(1800);
        this.resultCache = new TtlCache<>(600);
    }

    public List<ScimUser> queryAccessibleUsers(String userId, String role, Map<String, String> attributes) throws Exception {
        String cacheKey = role + ":" + attributes.entrySet().stream()
            .sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByKey())
            .map(e -> e.getKey() + "=" + e.getValue())
            .collect(Collectors.joining(","));

        List<ScimUser> cachedResult = resultCache.get(cacheKey);
        if (cachedResult != null) {
            log.info("Cache hit for authorization decision: {}", cacheKey);
            return cachedResult;
        }

        if (!rbacEvaluator.evaluate(role, attributes)) {
            log.warn("RBAC evaluation failed for user: {} role: {}", userId, role);
            throw new SecurityException("User attributes do not match role-based access control matrix");
        }

        String cachedFilter = filterCache.get(cacheKey);
        if (cachedFilter == null) {
            Map<String, List<String>> roleRules = rbacEvaluator.getRoleRules(role);
            cachedFilter = ScimFilterBuilder.generateFilter(roleRules);
            filterCache.put(cacheKey, cachedFilter);
            log.info("Generated SCIM filter: {}", cachedFilter);
        }

        List<ScimUser> users = new ArrayList<>();
        int offset = 0;
        boolean hasMore = true;

        while (hasMore) {
            try {
                ScimUserList page = scimApi.getScimUsers(
                    PAGE_SIZE,
                    offset,
                    cachedFilter,
                    null, null, null, null, null
                );

                if (page.getResources() != null) {
                    users.addAll(page.getResources());
                }
                hasMore = page.getHasMore() != null && page.getHasMore();
                offset += PAGE_SIZE;
            } catch (ApiException e) {
                handleApiException(e);
            }
        }

        resultCache.put(cacheKey, users);
        log.info("Retrieved {} users for cache key: {}", users.size(), cacheKey);
        return users;
    }

    private void handleApiException(ApiException e) throws Exception {
        int statusCode = e.getCode();
        if (statusCode == 401 || statusCode == 403) {
            log.error("Authentication or authorization failed: {} {}", statusCode, e.getMessage());
            throw new SecurityException("SCIM API access denied: " + statusCode, e);
        }
        if (statusCode == 429) {
            log.warn("Rate limit exceeded. Retrying with exponential backoff.");
            executeWithRetry(e);
            return;
        }
        if (statusCode >= 500) {
            log.error("Server error: {} {}", statusCode, e.getMessage());
            throw new RuntimeException("Genesys Cloud SCIM API server error: " + statusCode, e);
        }
        throw e;
    }

    private void executeWithRetry(ApiException initialException) throws Exception {
        for (int attempt = 1; attempt <= MAX_RETRIES; attempt++) {
            long delay = (long) Math.pow(2, attempt) * 500;
            Thread.sleep(delay);
            try {
                scimApi.getScimUsers(PAGE_SIZE, 0, "active eq true", null, null, null, null, null);
                return;
            } catch (ApiException retryEx) {
                if (retryEx.getCode() == 429 && attempt == MAX_RETRIES) {
                    throw initialException;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

The service constructs a deterministic cache key by sorting attribute entries. This prevents cache fragmentation when the same attributes arrive in different orders. Pagination uses hasMore to terminate the loop correctly. The retry logic sleeps between attempts to respect the Retry-After header semantics without parsing it explicitly.

Complete Working Example

The following module assembles all components and demonstrates a complete execution flow. You must set the GENESYS_CLIENT_ID and GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET environment variables before running.

import com.mypurecloud.api.client.ApiClient;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.api.ScimApi;
import com.mypurecloud.api.client.model.ScimUser;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class ScimConditionalAccessDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            ApiClient apiClient = ApiClient.builder()
                .baseUri("https://api.mypurecloud.com")
                .credentials(System.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_ID"), System.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET"))
                .scopes(Arrays.asList("scim:read"))
                .build();

            ScimApi scimApi = new ScimApi(apiClient);

            Map<String, Map<String, List<String>>> rbacMatrix = new HashMap<>();
            rbacMatrix.put("SUPPORT_ENGINEER", Map.of(
                "department", Arrays.asList("Support", "Customer Success"),
                "location", Arrays.asList("US-EAST", "US-WEST")
            ));
            rbacMatrix.put("DATA_ANALYST", Map.of(
                "department", Arrays.asList("Analytics", "BI"),
                "location", Arrays.asList("US-WEST", "EU-WEST")
            ));

            RbacEvaluator evaluator = new RbacEvaluator(rbacMatrix);
            ScimConditionalAccessService service = new ScimConditionalAccessService(scimApi, evaluator);

            Map<String, String> userContext = Map.of(
                "department", "Support",
                "location", "US-WEST"
            );

            List<ScimUser> accessibleUsers = service.queryAccessibleUsers(
                "user-12345",
                "SUPPORT_ENGINEER",
                userContext
            );

            System.out.println("Successfully retrieved " + accessibleUsers.size() + " accessible users.");
            for (ScimUser user : accessibleUsers) {
                System.out.println("User: " + user.getName().getFormatted() + " | Email: " + user.getPrimaryEmail());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

The example initializes the API client, configures a two-role RBAC matrix, creates the service, and queries users matching the SUPPORT_ENGINEER profile. The output prints the count and primary attributes of each returned user. The service automatically caches the filter and result for subsequent identical requests.

Common Errors & Debugging

Error: 401 Unauthorized

  • What causes it: The OAuth token is missing, expired, or the client credentials are incorrect.
  • How to fix it: Verify that GENESYS_CLIENT_ID and GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET match the application registered in Genesys Cloud. Ensure the scim:read scope is attached to the OAuth client. Restart the application to force token re-acquisition.
  • Code showing the fix: The SDK automatically refreshes tokens. If the error persists, explicitly clear the token cache by recreating the ApiClient instance.

Error: 403 Forbidden

  • What causes it: The OAuth client lacks the scim:read scope, or the user associated with the client credentials does not have SCIM read permissions in the Genesys Cloud organization.
  • How to fix it: Navigate to the Genesys Cloud admin console, open the OAuth client configuration, and add scim:read to the allowed scopes. Assign the SCIM Read permission to the service account.
  • Code showing the fix: Update the SDK initialization to explicitly declare the scope array. The example already demonstrates this pattern.

Error: 429 Too Many Requests

  • What causes it: The application exceeded the Genesys Cloud rate limit for SCIM queries. The limit applies per organization and per endpoint.
  • How to fix it: Implement exponential backoff and respect the Retry-After header. Reduce pagination page size to lower burst traffic. Cache results aggressively.
  • Code showing the fix: The executeWithRetry method in the service implements doubling sleep intervals. You can parse the Retry-After header from e.getResponseHeaders() for precise timing.

Error: SCIM Filter Syntax Invalid

  • What causes it: The generated filter contains unescaped quotes, unsupported operators, or malformed parentheses. Genesys Cloud returns a 400 Bad Request with a detailed error message.
  • How to fix it: Validate the filter string against RFC 7644 before sending. Use only eq, co, sw, ew, gt, ge, lt, le, ne, pr, not, and, or. Ensure all string values are double-quoted and properly escaped.
  • Code showing the fix: The escapeScimValue method handles quote escaping. Log the raw filter string before the API call to verify syntax during development.

Official References