How to List All OAuth Clients in an Org and Check Their Scope Assignments Programmatically

How-To-Articles
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How to List All OAuth Clients in an Org and Check Their Scope Assignments Programmatically

What You Will Build

  • A Python script that retrieves every OAuth client registered in a Genesys Cloud organization.
  • The script iterates through each client to fetch its detailed configuration, specifically extracting the assigned OAuth scopes.
  • The code uses the official Genesys Cloud Python SDK (genesyscloud) and handles pagination and authentication automatically.

Prerequisites

  • OAuth Client Type: You need an OAuth Client with the admin:oauth:read scope. A Service Account or Application User with this scope is sufficient.
  • SDK Version: genesyscloud Python SDK version 12.0.0 or higher.
  • Language/Runtime: Python 3.8+.
  • External Dependencies:
    • genesyscloud: The official Genesys Cloud SDK.
    • requests: For manual HTTP fallback examples (optional, but included for clarity).
    • python-dotenv: To manage environment variables securely.

Install the required package:

pip install genesyscloud python-dotenv

Authentication Setup

Genesys Cloud uses OAuth 2.0 for authentication. The Python SDK handles the token acquisition and refresh logic internally when you initialize the PlatformClient with your client ID and secret.

Create a .env file in your project root:

GENESYS_CLIENT_ID=your_client_id_here
GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET=your_client_secret_here
GENESYS_REGION=us-east-1

Load these variables in your Python script:

import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from genesyscloud.platform.client import PlatformClient

load_dotenv()

def get_platform_client():
    """
    Initializes and returns a configured Genesys Cloud PlatformClient.
    """
    client_id = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_ID")
    client_secret = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET")
    region = os.getenv("GENESYS_REGION", "us-east-1")

    if not client_id or not client_secret:
        raise ValueError("GENESYS_CLIENT_ID and GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET must be set in environment.")

    # Create the platform client
    platform_client = PlatformClient(
        client_id=client_id,
        client_secret=client_secret,
        region=region
    )

    # Verify connection by fetching the token (this triggers auth)
    # The SDK caches this token and refreshes it automatically.
    try:
        platform_client.auth.get_access_token()
        print("Authentication successful.")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Authentication failed: {e}")
        raise e

    return platform_client

Implementation

Step 1: List All OAuth Clients

The endpoint GET /api/v2/oauth/clients returns a paginated list of OAuth clients. The Python SDK exposes this via PlatformClient.OauthApi.list_oauthclients().

Key parameters:

  • page_size: Controls how many results are returned per page (max 250).
  • page_number: The page index (1-based).
  • expand: Optional. Setting expand to scopes can sometimes reduce the need for a second API call, but the list endpoint often returns limited data. To guarantee full scope details, we will fetch details individually in Step 2. This is safer because the list response structure can vary between API versions.
from genesyscloud.platform.client import PlatformClient
from genesyscloud.oauth.api import OauthApi

def list_all_oauth_clients(platform_client: PlatformClient):
    """
    Retrieves all OAuth clients from the organization using pagination.
    """
    oauth_api = OauthApi(platform_client)
    all_clients = []
    page_number = 1
    page_size = 250

    while True:
        try:
            # Call the list endpoint
            response = oauth_api.list_oauthclients(
                page_size=page_size,
                page_number=page_number
            )

            if not response or not response.entities:
                break

            all_clients.extend(response.entities)
            print(f"Retrieved page {page_number}: {len(response.entities)} clients.")

            # Check if there are more pages
            # The SDK response object includes 'page_number' and 'page_size'.
            # If the number of entities returned is less than page_size, it is the last page.
            if len(response.entities) < page_size:
                break
            
            page_number += 1

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error fetching OAuth clients: {e}")
            break

    return all_clients

Step 2: Fetch Detailed Scope Assignments

The list endpoint returns basic client metadata (ID, Name, Client Type). It does not always include the full scopes array. To accurately audit scope assignments, you must call GET /api/v2/oauth/clients/{id} for each client.

This step is critical for security audits. A client might appear to have minimal scopes in the list view but have hidden or inherited scopes visible only in the detail view.

def get_client_scopes(platform_client: PlatformClient, client_id: str):
    """
    Fetches the detailed configuration for a single OAuth client,
    specifically targeting the 'scopes' array.
    """
    oauth_api = OauthApi(platform_client)
    
    try:
        # Fetch detailed client info
        response = oauth_api.get_oauthclient(client_id)
        
        if response and response.entity:
            # The 'scopes' attribute is a list of strings
            scopes = response.entity.scopes if hasattr(response.entity, 'scopes') else []
            return {
                "client_id": response.entity.id,
                "name": response.entity.name,
                "client_type": response.entity.client_type,
                "scopes": scopes
            }
        else:
            return None
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error fetching details for client {client_id}: {e}")
        return None

Step 3: Process and Audit Results

Now we combine the list retrieval with the detailed fetch. We will create a function that iterates through all clients, fetches their scopes, and flags any clients that have “dangerous” or broad scopes (e.g., admin:* or analytics:*).

We also implement a simple rate-limiting pause to avoid hitting 429 errors if the organization has hundreds of clients.

import time

def audit_oauth_clients(platform_client: PlatformClient):
    """
    Iterates through all OAuth clients, fetches their scopes,
    and prints a summary of their permissions.
    """
    clients_list = list_all_oauth_clients(platform_client)
    print(f"\nTotal clients found: {len(clients_list)}")

    audit_results = []

    for client in clients_list:
        client_id = client.id
        client_name = client.name
        
        # Fetch detailed scopes
        details = get_client_scopes(platform_client, client_id)
        
        if details:
            audit_results.append(details)
            
            # Example Audit Logic: Flag admin scopes
            admin_scopes = [s for s in details['scopes'] if 'admin:' in s]
            
            if admin_scopes:
                print(f"WARNING: Client '{client_name}' ({client_id}) has admin scopes: {admin_scopes}")
            else:
                print(f"OK: Client '{client_name}' ({client_id}) has {len(details['scopes'])} non-admin scopes.")

        # Respect API rate limits
        # Genesys Cloud API limits vary, but 100ms pause is safe for bulk reads
        time.sleep(0.1)

    return audit_results

Complete Working Example

This script combines all steps into a single executable module. It requires the .env file to be present.

import os
import time
import sys
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from genesyscloud.platform.client import PlatformClient
from genesyscloud.oauth.api import OauthApi

# Load environment variables
load_dotenv()

def get_platform_client():
    """Initializes the Genesys Cloud PlatformClient."""
    client_id = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_ID")
    client_secret = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET")
    region = os.getenv("GENESYS_REGION", "us-east-1")

    if not client_id or not client_secret:
        raise ValueError("GENESYS_CLIENT_ID and GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET must be set in environment.")

    platform_client = PlatformClient(
        client_id=client_id,
        client_secret=client_secret,
        region=region
    )
    
    # Trigger initial token fetch
    try:
        platform_client.auth.get_access_token()
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Authentication failed: {e}")
        sys.exit(1)

    return platform_client

def list_all_oauth_clients(platform_client: PlatformClient):
    """Retrieves all OAuth clients using pagination."""
    oauth_api = OauthApi(platform_client)
    all_clients = []
    page_number = 1
    page_size = 250

    while True:
        try:
            response = oauth_api.list_oauthclients(
                page_size=page_size,
                page_number=page_number
            )

            if not response or not response.entities:
                break

            all_clients.extend(response.entities)
            
            # Check for last page
            if len(response.entities) < page_size:
                break
            
            page_number += 1

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error fetching OAuth clients: {e}")
            break

    return all_clients

def get_client_scopes(platform_client: PlatformClient, client_id: str):
    """Fetches detailed scope information for a specific client."""
    oauth_api = OauthApi(platform_client)
    
    try:
        response = oauth_api.get_oauthclient(client_id)
        
        if response and response.entity:
            scopes = response.entity.scopes if hasattr(response.entity, 'scopes') else []
            return {
                "client_id": response.entity.id,
                "name": response.entity.name,
                "client_type": response.entity.client_type,
                "scopes": scopes
            }
        else:
            return None
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error fetching details for client {client_id}: {e}")
        return None

def main():
    print("Starting OAuth Client Audit...")
    platform_client = get_platform_client()
    
    # Step 1: Get list of all clients
    clients_list = list_all_oauth_clients(platform_client)
    print(f"\nTotal clients found: {len(clients_list)}")
    
    # Step 2 & 3: Audit each client
    audit_results = []
    
    for client in clients_list:
        client_id = client.id
        client_name = client.name if client.name else "Unnamed"
        
        details = get_client_scopes(platform_client, client_id)
        
        if details:
            audit_results.append(details)
            
            # Identify broad/admin scopes
            admin_scopes = [s for s in details['scopes'] if s.startswith('admin:')]
            analytics_scopes = [s for s in details['scopes'] if s.startswith('analytics:')]
            
            # Print summary
            print(f"- Client: {client_name} ({client_id})")
            print(f"  Type: {details['client_type']}")
            print(f"  Total Scopes: {len(details['scopes'])}")
            
            if admin_scopes:
                print(f"  [ALERT] Admin Scopes: {', '.join(admin_scopes[:5])}{'...' if len(admin_scopes) > 5 else ''}")
            
            if analytics_scopes:
                print(f"  [INFO] Analytics Scopes: {', '.join(analytics_scopes[:5])}{'...' if len(analytics_scopes) > 5 else ''}")
            
            print("  ---")
            
        # Rate limiting pause
        time.sleep(0.1)

    # Final Summary
    print(f"\nAudit Complete. Processed {len(audit_results)} clients.")
    
    # Optional: Export to JSON
    import json
    with open('oauth_audit_results.json', 'w') as f:
        json.dump(audit_results, f, indent=2)
    print("Results saved to oauth_audit_results.json")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Common Errors & Debugging

Error: 401 Unauthorized

Cause: The OAuth token is invalid, expired, or the client credentials are incorrect.
Fix:

  1. Verify GENESYS_CLIENT_ID and GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET in your .env file.
  2. Ensure the OAuth Client is not deactivated in the Genesys Cloud Admin UI.
  3. Check that the client has the admin:oauth:read scope assigned in the Admin Console. Without this scope, the API will reject the request.
# Debugging tip: Print the token request response if using raw HTTP
import requests

token_url = f"https://api.{region}.mygen.com/v2/oauth/token"
auth_response = requests.post(token_url, data={
    "grant_type": "client_credentials",
    "client_id": client_id,
    "client_secret": client_secret
})
print(auth_response.status_code)
print(auth_response.text)

Error: 403 Forbidden

Cause: The authenticated user or service account does not have the required permissions.
Fix:

  1. Log in to the Genesys Cloud Admin UI.
  2. Navigate to Admin > Security > OAuth Clients.
  3. Select the client used for authentication.
  4. Check the Scopes tab. Ensure admin:oauth:read is checked.
  5. Save changes. The token may need to be refreshed (the SDK handles this, but you might need to restart the script).

Error: 429 Too Many Requests

Cause: You are hitting the API rate limit. This is common when iterating through hundreds of clients and fetching details for each one.
Fix:

  1. Increase the delay between requests. Change time.sleep(0.1) to time.sleep(0.5) or higher.
  2. Implement exponential backoff in your error handling.
import time
import random

def fetch_with_backoff(func, *args, retries=3):
    for attempt in range(retries):
        try:
            return func(*args)
        except Exception as e:
            if "429" in str(e) or "Too Many Requests" in str(e):
                wait_time = (2 ** attempt) + random.uniform(0, 1)
                print(f"Rate limited. Waiting {wait_time:.2f} seconds...")
                time.sleep(wait_time)
            else:
                raise e
    raise Exception("Max retries exceeded")

Error: AttributeError: ‘NoneType’ object has no attribute ‘entities’

Cause: The API call failed silently or returned an unexpected structure, often due to an SDK version mismatch or a network error.
Fix:

  1. Ensure you are using the latest version of the genesyscloud SDK.
  2. Add explicit checks for response and response.entities before iterating.
  3. Enable SDK logging to see the raw HTTP response.
import logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
# This will print all HTTP requests and responses from the SDK

Official References