How to List All OAuth Clients and Validate Scope Assignments Programmatically
What You Will Build
- A script that retrieves every OAuth client defined in a Genesys Cloud organization.
- Code that filters these clients to identify specific scope assignments (e.g., identifying admin-level vs. read-only clients).
- A Python implementation using the official Genesys Cloud Python SDK with robust error handling and pagination support.
Prerequisites
- OAuth Client Type: You need a Genesys Cloud OAuth client with the
oauth-client:readscope. Typically, a service account or a private application with administrative privileges is used. - SDK Version:
genesys-cloud-sdkversion 166.0.0 or later. - Language/Runtime: Python 3.9+.
- External Dependencies:
genesys-cloud-sdkpython-dotenv(for secure credential management)
Authentication Setup
Genesys Cloud uses OAuth 2.0 for all API access. For programmatic access via a script, the Client Credentials Grant flow is the standard approach. This flow requires a client_id and client_secret.
The Genesys Cloud Python SDK handles the token acquisition, caching, and refresh logic automatically when you initialize the PlatformClient. You do not need to manually construct HTTP requests for the /api/v2/oauth/token endpoint unless you are working in a language without an official SDK.
Configuration
Create a .env file in your project root to store credentials. Never commit these to version control.
GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_ID=your_client_id_here
GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_SECRET=your_client_secret_here
GENESYS_CLOUD_REGION=us-east-1
Initialization Code
The following code initializes the SDK. It sets the region and configures the logging level to DEBUG during development to trace API calls, which is critical for debugging rate limits or scope issues.
import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from purecloudplatformclientv2 import PlatformClient
import logging
# Load environment variables
load_dotenv()
def initialize_platform_client() -> PlatformClient:
"""
Initializes and returns a configured Genesys Cloud PlatformClient.
"""
# Retrieve credentials
client_id = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_ID")
client_secret = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_SECRET")
region = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLOUD_REGION", "us-east-1")
if not client_id or not client_secret:
raise EnvironmentError("Missing GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_ID or GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_SECRET in .env")
# Configure logging to see raw API requests/responses
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
# Create the platform client
platform_client = PlatformClient()
# Set the region (e.g., us-east-1, eu-west-1, ap-southeast-1)
platform_client.set_region(region)
# The SDK automatically handles OAuth token acquisition using the credentials
# provided via environment variables or explicit configuration.
# By default, the SDK looks for GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_ID and CLIENT_SECRET.
return platform_client
Implementation
Step 1: Retrieve All OAuth Clients with Pagination
The endpoint for listing OAuth clients is /api/v2/oauth/clients. This endpoint supports pagination via the page_size and page_number query parameters. To ensure you capture all clients in large organizations, you must implement a loop that continues fetching pages until no more data is returned.
The Python SDK provides a ApiClient helper that simplifies pagination, but for full control and clarity, we will use the explicit pagination method.
Required Scope: oauth-client:read
from purecloudplatformclientv2 import ApiClient, OauthClientApi, OauthClientEntityListing
from purecloudplatformclientv2.rest import ApiException
def fetch_all_oauth_clients(platform_client: PlatformClient) -> list:
"""
Fetches all OAuth clients using pagination.
Args:
platform_client: The initialized PlatformClient instance.
Returns:
A list of OauthClient objects.
"""
oauth_client_api = OauthClientApi(platform_client)
all_clients = []
page_number = 1
page_size = 100 # Max allowed is typically 100 for this endpoint
print(f"Starting pagination fetch for OAuth clients...")
while True:
try:
# Call the API with pagination parameters
response: OauthClientEntityListing = oauth_client_api.post_oauth_clients(
page_size=page_size,
page_number=page_number
)
# Append the entities from the current page
if response.entities:
all_clients.extend(response.entities)
print(f"Fetched {len(response.entities)} clients from page {page_number}")
# Check if there are more pages
# The API returns a 'next_page' URL if more data exists.
# If next_page is None or empty, we are done.
if not response.next_page:
print("Reached end of pagination.")
break
page_number += 1
except ApiException as e:
print(f"Exception when calling OauthClientApi->post_oauth_clients: {e}")
if e.status == 429:
print("Rate limit hit. Implementing exponential backoff in production.")
# In a production script, you would implement retry logic here.
raise
elif e.status == 401 or e.status == 403:
print("Authentication or Authorization failed. Check your scopes.")
raise
else:
raise
return all_clients
Step 2: Parse and Validate Scope Assignments
Each OauthClient object contains an authorized_grant_types list and a scopes list. The scopes list is a string array containing the permissions assigned to that client (e.g., "user:me", "analytics:reports:read").
To check for specific scope assignments, we iterate through the retrieved clients and filter based on the presence of target scopes. This is useful for security audits (e.g., “Which clients have admin write access?”).
from typing import List, Dict, Any
from purecloudplatformclientv2 import OauthClient
def check_scope_assignments(clients: List[OauthClient], target_scopes: List[str]) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
"""
Checks which clients contain specific target scopes.
Args:
clients: List of OauthClient objects.
target_scopes: List of scope strings to search for (e.g., ["admin:users:write"]).
Returns:
A list of dictionaries containing client info and matching scopes.
"""
matching_clients = []
for client in clients:
client_scopes = client.scopes if client.scopes else []
# Find intersection between client's scopes and target scopes
found_scopes = [scope for scope in target_scopes if scope in client_scopes]
if found_scopes:
matching_clients.append({
"client_id": client.client_id,
"client_name": client.name,
"description": client.description,
"client_type": client.client_type,
"authorized_grant_types": client.authorized_grant_types,
"matching_scopes": found_scopes,
"all_scopes_count": len(client_scopes)
})
return matching_clients
Step 3: Process and Output Results
Finally, we combine the fetching and checking logic into a cohesive workflow. We will output the results in a structured JSON format, which is easily parsable by other tools or CI/CD pipelines.
import json
def main():
try:
# 1. Initialize
platform_client = initialize_platform_client()
# 2. Fetch all clients
all_clients = fetch_all_oauth_clients(platform_client)
print(f"\nTotal OAuth clients found: {len(all_clients)}")
# 3. Define target scopes for audit
# Example: Checking for high-privilege scopes
target_scopes = [
"admin:users:write",
"admin:users:delete",
"oauth-client:write",
"routing:queues:write"
]
print(f"\nAuditing for scopes: {target_scopes}")
# 4. Check assignments
high_risk_clients = check_scope_assignments(all_clients, target_scopes)
# 5. Output results
if high_risk_clients:
print(f"\nFound {len(high_risk_clients)} clients with high-risk scopes:")
print(json.dumps(high_risk_clients, indent=2, default=str))
else:
print("\nNo clients found with the specified high-risk scopes.")
except Exception as e:
print(f"Fatal error during execution: {e}")
raise
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Complete Working Example
Below is the full, copy-pasteable script. Save this as audit_oauth_clients.py. Ensure you have installed the dependencies (pip install genesys-cloud-sdk python-dotenv) and configured your .env file.
import os
import json
import logging
from typing import List, Dict, Any
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from purecloudplatformclientv2 import PlatformClient, OauthClientApi, OauthClientEntityListing, OauthClient
from purecloudplatformclientv2.rest import ApiException
# Load environment variables from .env file
load_dotenv()
def initialize_platform_client() -> PlatformClient:
"""
Initializes and returns a configured Genesys Cloud PlatformClient.
"""
client_id = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_ID")
client_secret = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_SECRET")
region = os.getenv("GENESYS_CLOUD_REGION", "us-east-1")
if not client_id or not client_secret:
raise EnvironmentError("Missing GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_ID or GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_SECRET in .env")
# Configure logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
platform_client = PlatformClient()
platform_client.set_region(region)
# The SDK automatically uses the env vars for authentication
return platform_client
def fetch_all_oauth_clients(platform_client: PlatformClient) -> List[OauthClient]:
"""
Fetches all OAuth clients using pagination.
"""
oauth_client_api = OauthClientApi(platform_client)
all_clients = []
page_number = 1
page_size = 100
print(f"Starting pagination fetch for OAuth clients...")
while True:
try:
response: OauthClientEntityListing = oauth_client_api.post_oauth_clients(
page_size=page_size,
page_number=page_number
)
if response.entities:
all_clients.extend(response.entities)
print(f"Fetched {len(response.entities)} clients from page {page_number}")
if not response.next_page:
print("Reached end of pagination.")
break
page_number += 1
except ApiException as e:
print(f"API Exception: {e.status} - {e.reason}")
if e.status == 429:
print("Rate limit hit. Consider adding retry logic.")
raise
elif e.status in [401, 403]:
print("Auth error. Verify your client has 'oauth-client:read' scope.")
raise
else:
raise
return all_clients
def check_scope_assignments(clients: List[OauthClient], target_scopes: List[str]) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
"""
Checks which clients contain specific target scopes.
"""
matching_clients = []
for client in clients:
client_scopes = client.scopes if client.scopes else []
# Identify which target scopes are present in the client's scope list
found_scopes = [scope for scope in target_scopes if scope in client_scopes]
if found_scopes:
matching_clients.append({
"client_id": client.client_id,
"client_name": client.name,
"description": client.description,
"client_type": client.client_type,
"authorized_grant_types": client.authorized_grant_types,
"matching_scopes": found_scopes,
"total_scopes_assigned": len(client_scopes)
})
return matching_clients
def main():
try:
# 1. Initialize SDK
platform_client = initialize_platform_client()
# 2. Fetch all clients
all_clients = fetch_all_oauth_clients(platform_client)
print(f"\nTotal OAuth clients found: {len(all_clients)}")
# 3. Define scopes to audit
# Customize this list based on your security policy
target_scopes = [
"admin:users:write",
"admin:users:delete",
"oauth-client:write",
"routing:queues:write",
"analytics:reports:write"
]
print(f"\nAuditing for scopes: {target_scopes}")
# 4. Check assignments
high_risk_clients = check_scope_assignments(all_clients, target_scopes)
# 5. Output results
if high_risk_clients:
print(f"\nFound {len(high_risk_clients)} clients with specified scopes:")
print(json.dumps(high_risk_clients, indent=2, default=str))
else:
print("\nNo clients found with the specified scopes.")
except Exception as e:
print(f"Fatal error: {e}")
raise
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Common Errors & Debugging
Error: 401 Unauthorized
- Cause: The
GENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_IDorGENESYS_CLOUD_CLIENT_SECRETis incorrect, or the client has been disabled in the Genesys Cloud admin console. - Fix: Verify the credentials in your
.envfile. Ensure the OAuth client is active and not deleted. Check that the region in your code matches the region where the client was created.
Error: 403 Forbidden
- Cause: The OAuth client used for authentication does not have the required
oauth-client:readscope. - Fix: Go to the Genesys Cloud Admin console → Security → OAuth Applications. Edit the client you are using for the script. In the “Scopes” tab, ensure
oauth-client:readis checked. Save the changes. Note: Scope changes may take a few minutes to propagate.
Error: 429 Too Many Requests
- Cause: You have exceeded the API rate limit for your organization. The
/api/v2/oauth/clientsendpoint is subject to general API rate limits. - Fix: Implement exponential backoff in your pagination loop. For a simple script, adding a
time.sleep(1)between pages may be sufficient. For production systems, use a retry library liketenacityin Python.
Error: Attribute Error on client.scopes
- Cause: Some older or system-generated clients may have
Nonefor the scopes list instead of an empty list. - Fix: The code above handles this with
client.scopes if client.scopes else []. Ensure your custom logic also checks forNonebefore iterating.