Attaching Genesys Cloud Interaction Media Files via Python SDK

What You Will Build

• A production-ready Python module that uploads interaction attachments to Genesys Cloud, constructs metadata payloads with media type identifiers and retention directives, and handles large file transfers via chunked resumable streaming.
• Uses the official purecloudplatformclientv2 SDK for metadata creation and interaction association, combined with httpx for presigned URL streaming and external webhook synchronization.
• Covers Python 3.9+ with strict type hints, exponential backoff retry logic, compliance audit logging, and infrastructure metrics tracking.

Prerequisites

• OAuth Client Credentials grant configured in Genesys Cloud Admin Console
• Required scopes: attachment:create, attachment:read, interaction:write
• purecloudplatformclientv2>=145.0.0, httpx>=0.25.0, python-multipart>=0.0.6
• Python 3.9+ runtime environment

Authentication Setup

Genesys Cloud OAuth handles token acquisition and refresh automatically when configured with client credentials. The SDK caches tokens in memory and rotates them before expiration.

import purecloudplatformclientv2 as purecloud

def configure_genesys_sdk(client_id: str, client_secret: str, base_url: str = "https://api.mypurecloud.com") -> purecloud.Configuration:
    config = purecloud.Configuration()
    config.host = base_url
    config.oauth_client_id = client_id
    config.oauth_client_secret = client_secret
    
    # Configure token caching and automatic refresh
    oauth = purecloud.OAuthClientCredentials(config)
    oauth.refresh_token()
    config.access_token = oauth.access_token
    
    return config

Implementation

Step 1: Validate Attachment Schema and Execute Malware Scan Hook

Before transmitting data to Genesys Cloud, validate file format, size, and content against platform constraints. Genesys Cloud enforces a maximum attachment size of 25 MB per file and restricts certain executable MIME types. This step also invokes a simulated malware scanning endpoint.

import httpx
import logging
from pathlib import Path

logger = logging.getLogger("genesys.attachment")

ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES = {
    "application/pdf", "image/png", "image/jpeg", "image/gif", 
    "text/plain", "application/json", "application/xml"
}
MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES = 25 * 1024 * 1024  # 25 MB

def validate_attachment(file_path: str, malware_scan_url: str) -> dict:
    path = Path(file_path)
    if not path.exists():
        raise FileNotFoundError(f"Attachment path does not exist: {file_path}")
    
    file_size = path.stat().st_size
    if file_size > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES:
        raise ValueError(f"File exceeds Genesys Cloud storage quota limit of 25 MB. Actual size: {file_size} bytes")
    
    # Determine MIME type identifier
    import mimetypes
    content_type = mimetypes.guess_type(path.name)[0] or "application/octet-stream"
    if content_type not in ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES:
        raise ValueError(f"File format constraint violation. Allowed types: {ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES}")
    
    # Malware scanning hook
    with httpx.Client(timeout=10.0) as client:
        with open(path, "rb") as f:
            files = {"file": (path.name, f, content_type)}
            response = client.post(malware_scan_url, files=files)
        
        if response.status_code != 200:
            raise RuntimeError(f"Malware scanning hook failed with status {response.status_code}: {response.text}")
        
        scan_result = response.json()
        if not scan_result.get("clean", False):
            raise SecurityError("Attachment rejected by malware scanning pipeline")
    
    return {
        "name": path.name,
        "contentType": content_type,
        "size": file_size,
        "clean": True
    }

Step 2: Create Attachment Metadata and Retrieve Upload URL

Submit the attachment metadata to Genesys Cloud. The response returns a presigned uploadUrl for direct storage ingestion. Include retention period directives using ISO 8601 duration format.

Required Scope: attachment:create
Endpoint: POST /api/v2/attachments

from purecloudplatformclientv2 import AttachmentsApi, Attachment

def create_attachment_metadata(
    config: purecloud.Configuration,
    validation: dict,
    retention_period: str = "P90D"
) -> dict:
    api_instance = AttachmentsApi(purecloud.ApiClient(config))
    
    body = Attachment(
        name=validation["name"],
        content_type=validation["contentType"],
        retention_period=retention_period
    )
    
    try:
        response = api_instance.post_attachments(body)
        logger.info("Attachment metadata created successfully. ID: %s", response.id)
        return {
            "attachment_id": response.id,
            "upload_url": response.upload_url,
            "name": response.name
        }
    except purecloud.rest.ApiException as e:
        if e.status == 401:
            raise AuthenticationError("OAuth token expired or invalid. Refresh required.")
        elif e.status == 403:
            raise PermissionError("Missing attachment:create scope or tenant restriction.")
        elif e.status == 400:
            raise ValueError(f"Schema validation failed: {e.body}")
        raise

Step 3: Chunked Resumable Upload with Retry Logic

For files exceeding base64 payload limits, stream content to the presigned URL using Content-Range headers. This supports resumable transfers after network interruptions. Implement exponential backoff for 429 Too Many Requests responses.

import time
import httpx

def upload_chunks(
    upload_url: str,
    file_path: str,
    chunk_size: int = 5 * 1024 * 1024,  # 5 MB chunks
    max_retries: int = 3
) -> float:
    path = Path(file_path)
    file_size = path.stat().st_size
    bytes_sent = 0
    start_time = time.time()
    
    with httpx.Client(timeout=30.0, follow_redirects=True) as client:
        for attempt in range(max_retries):
            try:
                with open(path, "rb") as f:
                    f.seek(bytes_sent)
                    while bytes_sent < file_size:
                        chunk = f.read(min(chunk_size, file_size - bytes_sent))
                        if not chunk:
                            break
                        
                        headers = {
                            "Content-Length": str(len(chunk)),
                            "Content-Range": f"bytes {bytes_sent}-{bytes_sent + len(chunk) - 1}/{file_size}",
                            "Content-Type": "application/octet-stream"
                        }
                        
                        response = client.post(upload_url, headers=headers, content=chunk)
                        
                        if response.status_code == 429:
                            retry_after = int(response.headers.get("Retry-After", 2 ** attempt))
                            logger.warning("Rate limited. Retrying in %s seconds (attempt %d)", retry_after, attempt + 1)
                            time.sleep(retry_after)
                            continue
                        
                        if response.status_code not in (200, 201, 206):
                            raise RuntimeError(f"Upload failed at offset {bytes_sent}: {response.status_code} {response.text}")
                        
                        bytes_sent += len(chunk)
                        logger.debug("Uploaded chunk. Progress: %.2f%%", (bytes_sent / file_size) * 100)
                
                upload_duration = time.time() - start_time
                throughput_mbps = (bytes_sent / 1_000_000) / upload_duration if upload_duration > 0 else 0
                logger.info("Upload complete. Throughput: %.2f MB/s", throughput_mbps)
                return throughput_mbps
            
            except httpx.NetworkError as e:
                if attempt == max_retries - 1:
                    raise RuntimeError(f"Network interruption after {max_retries} attempts: {e}")
                logger.warning("Network error during upload. Retrying... (%d/%d)", attempt + 1, max_retries)
                time.sleep(2 ** attempt)
    
    raise RuntimeError("Upload loop terminated unexpectedly")

Step 4: Associate Attachment with Interaction and Sync External Systems

Link the uploaded attachment to a specific interaction, trigger a DMS webhook for archival alignment, and record compliance audit logs with storage metrics.

Required Scope: interaction:write
Endpoint: POST /api/v2/interactions/{interactionId}/attachments

from purecloudplatformclientv2 import InteractionsApi, AttachmentAssociation
from datetime import datetime, timezone

def associate_and_sync(
    config: purecloud.Configuration,
    interaction_id: str,
    attachment_id: str,
    file_size: int,
    throughput: float,
    dms_webhook_url: str
) -> dict:
    api_instance = InteractionsApi(purecloud.ApiClient(config))
    
    # Associate attachment with interaction
    body = AttachmentAssociation(attachment_id=attachment_id)
    try:
        api_instance.post_interactions_attachment(interaction_id, body)
        logger.info("Attachment %s associated with interaction %s", attachment_id, interaction_id)
    except purecloud.rest.ApiException as e:
        if e.status == 404:
            raise LookupError(f"Interaction {interaction_id} not found.")
        raise
    
    # Synchronize with external DMS via webhook
    audit_payload = {
        "timestamp": datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
        "attachment_id": attachment_id,
        "interaction_id": interaction_id,
        "file_size_bytes": file_size,
        "throughput_mbps": throughput,
        "status": "archived",
        "compliance_check": "passed"
    }
    
    with httpx.Client(timeout=10.0) as client:
        response = client.post(dms_webhook_url, json=audit_payload, headers={"Content-Type": "application/json"})
        if response.status_code >= 400:
            logger.warning("DMS webhook sync failed: %s %s", response.status_code, response.text)
    
    # Generate audit log entry
    logger.info(
        "AUDIT | attachment=%s | interaction=%s | size=%d | throughput=%.2f | synced=true",
        attachment_id, interaction_id, file_size, throughput
    )
    
    return {
        "audit_log": audit_payload,
        "storage_consumed_mb": round(file_size / 1_000_000, 2)
    }

Complete Working Example

import os
import logging
import purecloudplatformclientv2 as purecloud
from purecloudplatformclientv2 import AttachmentsApi, InteractionsApi, Attachment, AttachmentAssociation
import httpx
from pathlib import Path
from datetime import datetime, timezone
import time
import mimetypes

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s | %(levelname)s | %(message)s")
logger = logging.getLogger("genesys.attachment")

ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES = {
    "application/pdf", "image/png", "image/jpeg", "image/gif",
    "text/plain", "application/json", "application/xml"
}
MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES = 25 * 1024 * 1024

class GenesysAttachmentUploader:
    def __init__(self, client_id: str, client_secret: str, base_url: str = "https://api.mypurecloud.com"):
        self.config = purecloud.Configuration()
        self.config.host = base_url
        self.config.oauth_client_id = client_id
        self.config.oauth_client_secret = client_secret
        
        oauth = purecloud.OAuthClientCredentials(self.config)
        oauth.refresh_token()
        self.config.access_token = oauth.access_token
        
        self.attachments_api = AttachmentsApi(purecloud.ApiClient(self.config))
        self.interactions_api = InteractionsApi(purecloud.ApiClient(self.config))

    def validate_and_scan(self, file_path: str, malware_scan_url: str) -> dict:
        path = Path(file_path)
        if not path.exists():
            raise FileNotFoundError(f"Attachment path does not exist: {file_path}")
        
        file_size = path.stat().st_size
        if file_size > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES:
            raise ValueError(f"File exceeds Genesys Cloud storage quota limit of 25 MB. Actual size: {file_size} bytes")
        
        content_type = mimetypes.guess_type(path.name)[0] or "application/octet-stream"
        if content_type not in ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES:
            raise ValueError(f"File format constraint violation. Allowed types: {ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES}")
        
        with httpx.Client(timeout=10.0) as client:
            with open(path, "rb") as f:
                files = {"file": (path.name, f, content_type)}
                response = client.post(malware_scan_url, files=files)
            
            if response.status_code != 200:
                raise RuntimeError(f"Malware scanning hook failed with status {response.status_code}")
            
            scan_result = response.json()
            if not scan_result.get("clean", False):
                raise RuntimeError("Attachment rejected by malware scanning pipeline")
        
        return {"name": path.name, "contentType": content_type, "size": file_size}

    def create_metadata(self, validation: dict, retention_period: str = "P90D") -> dict:
        body = Attachment(
            name=validation["name"],
            content_type=validation["contentType"],
            retention_period=retention_period
        )
        
        response = self.attachments_api.post_attachments(body)
        logger.info("Attachment metadata created. ID: %s", response.id)
        return {"attachment_id": response.id, "upload_url": response.upload_url}

    def upload_chunks(self, upload_url: str, file_path: str, chunk_size: int = 5 * 1024 * 1024) -> float:
        path = Path(file_path)
        file_size = path.stat().st_size
        bytes_sent = 0
        start_time = time.time()
        
        with httpx.Client(timeout=30.0, follow_redirects=True) as client:
            for attempt in range(3):
                try:
                    with open(path, "rb") as f:
                        f.seek(bytes_sent)
                        while bytes_sent < file_size:
                            chunk = f.read(min(chunk_size, file_size - bytes_sent))
                            if not chunk:
                                break
                            
                            headers = {
                                "Content-Length": str(len(chunk)),
                                "Content-Range": f"bytes {bytes_sent}-{bytes_sent + len(chunk) - 1}/{file_size}",
                                "Content-Type": "application/octet-stream"
                            }
                            
                            response = client.post(upload_url, headers=headers, content=chunk)
                            
                            if response.status_code == 429:
                                retry_after = int(response.headers.get("Retry-After", 2 ** attempt))
                                time.sleep(retry_after)
                                continue
                            
                            if response.status_code not in (200, 201, 206):
                                raise RuntimeError(f"Upload failed at offset {bytes_sent}: {response.status_code}")
                            
                            bytes_sent += len(chunk)
                    
                    upload_duration = time.time() - start_time
                    throughput = (bytes_sent / 1_000_000) / upload_duration if upload_duration > 0 else 0
                    logger.info("Upload complete. Throughput: %.2f MB/s", throughput)
                    return throughput
                
                except httpx.NetworkError:
                    if attempt == 2:
                        raise RuntimeError("Network interruption after 3 attempts")
                    time.sleep(2 ** attempt)
        raise RuntimeError("Upload loop terminated unexpectedly")

    def associate_and_sync(self, interaction_id: str, attachment_id: str, file_size: int, throughput: float, dms_webhook_url: str) -> dict:
        body = AttachmentAssociation(attachment_id=attachment_id)
        self.interactions_api.post_interactions_attachment(interaction_id, body)
        
        audit_payload = {
            "timestamp": datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
            "attachment_id": attachment_id,
            "interaction_id": interaction_id,
            "file_size_bytes": file_size,
            "throughput_mbps": throughput,
            "status": "archived",
            "compliance_check": "passed"
        }
        
        with httpx.Client(timeout=10.0) as client:
            response = client.post(dms_webhook_url, json=audit_payload, headers={"Content-Type": "application/json"})
            if response.status_code >= 400:
                logger.warning("DMS webhook sync failed: %s", response.status_code)
        
        logger.info("AUDIT | attachment=%s | interaction=%s | size=%d | throughput=%.2f", 
                    attachment_id, interaction_id, file_size, throughput)
        
        return {"audit_log": audit_payload, "storage_consumed_mb": round(file_size / 1_000_000, 2)}

    def upload_attachment(self, file_path: str, interaction_id: str, malware_scan_url: str, dms_webhook_url: str) -> dict:
        validation = self.validate_and_scan(file_path, malware_scan_url)
        metadata = self.create_metadata(validation, retention_period="P90D")
        throughput = self.upload_chunks(metadata["upload_url"], file_path)
        sync_result = self.associate_and_sync(interaction_id, metadata["attachment_id"], validation["size"], throughput, dms_webhook_url)
        return sync_result

if __name__ == "__main__":
    CLIENT_ID = os.environ["GENESYS_CLIENT_ID"]
    CLIENT_SECRET = os.environ["GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET"]
    
    uploader = GenesysAttachmentUploader(CLIENT_ID, CLIENT_SECRET)
    result = uploader.upload_attachment(
        file_path="/data/compliance_report.pdf",
        interaction_id="a1b2c3d4-e5f6-7890-abcd-ef1234567890",
        malware_scan_url="https://security.internal/api/v1/scan",
        dms_webhook_url="https://dms.internal/api/v1/archive"
    )
    print("Upload pipeline complete:", result)

Common Errors & Debugging

Error: 401 Unauthorized

• Cause: OAuth token expired, client credentials mismatch, or token not attached to API client.
• Fix: Ensure OAuthClientCredentials.refresh_token() executes before SDK initialization. Verify GENESYS_CLIENT_ID and GENESYS_CLIENT_SECRET environment variables match the registered application.
• Code Fix: Wrap SDK calls in try-except blocks that catch purecloud.rest.ApiException and trigger oauth.refresh_token() before retrying.

Error: 403 Forbidden

• Cause: Missing required scope (attachment:create or interaction:write) or tenant-level restriction blocking attachment uploads.
• Fix: Navigate to Genesys Cloud Admin Console → Applications → OAuth Clients → Scopes. Add missing scopes. Verify the user role associated with the client has attachment management permissions.

Error: 400 Bad Request (Schema Validation)

• Cause: Invalid retention period format, unsupported MIME type, or payload exceeds base64 size limits.
• Fix: Use ISO 8601 duration format for retentionPeriod (e.g., P30D, P1Y). Ensure contentType matches ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES. For files over 2 MB, skip base64 encoding and use the presigned URL chunking method.

Error: 429 Too Many Requests

• Cause: Exceeding Genesys Cloud rate limits for attachment creation or presigned URL uploads.
• Fix: Implement exponential backoff with jitter. Parse the Retry-After header from the response. The provided chunking logic already handles 429 responses by sleeping for the specified duration before resuming.

Error: 404 Not Found

• Cause: Invalid interactionId or expired uploadUrl.
• Fix: Verify the interaction exists via GET /api/v2/interactions/{interactionId}. Presigned URLs expire after 15 minutes by default. If expired, call POST /api/v2/attachments again to generate a fresh URL.

Official References

• Genesys Cloud Attachments API Documentation
• Genesys Cloud Interactions API Documentation
• purecloudplatformclientv2 Python SDK Reference
• OAuth 2.0 Client Credentials Flow